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The common carp is a fish native to Eurasia which has been introduced to nearly every part of the world. The original common carp is thought to have originated from the delta of the Danube River. In that region it was domesticated at least 2,000 years ago.  Although this fish was initially kept as an exploited captive, it was later maintained in large, specially built ponds by the Romans in south-central Europe (verified by the discovery of common carp remains in excavated settlements in the Danube delta area). As aquaculture became a profitable branch of agriculture, efforts were made to farm these fish, and the culture systems soon included spawning and growing ponds.

The common carp's native range also extends to the Black Sea, Caspian Sea and Aral Sea. Both European and Asian subspecies have been domesticated. In Europe, domestication of carp as food fish was spread by Christian monks between the 13th and 16th centuries. The wild forms of carp had reached the delta of the Rhine in the twelfth century already, probably with some human help. Variants that have arisen with domestication include the mirror carp, with large mirror-like scales (linear mirror – scaleless except for a row of large scales that run along the lateral line; originating in Germany), the leather carp (virtually unscaled except near dorsal fin), and the fully scaled carp. Koi carp (錦鯉 (nishikigoi) in Japanese, 鯉魚 (pinyin: lĭ yú) in Chinese) is a domesticated ornamental variety that originated in the Niigata region of Japan in the 1820s. They also invaded the Great Lakes in 1896 when the area near Newmarket flooded and allowed them to escape into the Holland River. The history of carp farming is rampant with escapement. In most places in North America carp are considered an invasive specie. There is no management strategy in Oregon except occasionally, eradication. There are no imposed seasons or limits, yet populations are rampant.